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Szögi-Tatár Bernadett

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Solymosi Katalin
The effect of light and age of the leaves on plastid differentiation and essential oil composition of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.)

Aug 30 - szerda

15:30 – 17:00

II. Poszterszekció

P47

The effect of light and age of the leaves on plastid differentiation and essential oil composition of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.)

Adrienn Dobi¹, Anna Skribanek², Bernadett Szögi-Tatár³, Andrea Böszörményi³, Imre Boldizsár¹, and Katalin Solymosi¹

¹Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary

²Eötvös Loránd University, Savaria University Centre, Szombathely, Hungary

³Institute of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) is a widely used spice, aromatic and medicinal plant with a characteristic fragrance. Its valuable active substances are monoterpene and sesquiterpene essential oil components produced by exogenous secretory structures, i.e. the various glandular hairs located on the shoot, especially on the leaves. The biosynthesis of the terpenoid essential oils requires isoprenoid biosynthesis of peculiar plastids present in the glandular hairs.

In this work, we have investigated 1) whether the prolamellar body-like membrane structures observed in the neck cells of peltate glandular hairs of spearmint can be considered as homologues with the prolamellar bodies present in etioplasts of dark-grown plants, 2) whether the presence and the activity (essential oil production) of the glandular hairs depends on the developmental stage of the leaves, 3) whether light conditions (e.g. light or dark development) affect plastid differentiation and the essential oil production of the leaves.

We have described in detail the various plastids and the organization of their inner membranes in the different cells of the exogenous secretory structures of spearmint, i.e. in capitate and peltate glandular hairs. We found clear structural differences between the prolamellar bodies of spearmint etioplasts of dark-grown leaves and of the similar structures found in secretory cells, which rather ressembled regularly arranged clusters of plastoglobuli, and not tubuloreticular membranes. Dark-growth did not influence much the structure of the plastids in the secretory cells, and our data obtained with solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) confirmed that not the illumination conditions but rather the developmental stage of the leaves influences the essential oil composition of spearmint.

Acknowledgments

The work was supported by the ÚNKP-22-5 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (to K.S.) and by the Bolyai János Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (to K.S.).