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Petrovszki Dániel

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Valkai Sándor
Could the SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit cross the blood-brain barrier? – a lab-on-a-chip model study

Aug 30 - szerda

12:15 – 12:30

Bioszenzorika és bio-nanotechnológia

E31

Could the SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit cross the blood-brain barrier? – a lab-on-a-chip model study

Sándor Valkai1, Dániel Petrovszki1, Fruzsina R. Walter1, Judit P. Vígh1, Anna E. Kocsis1, Mária A. Deli1 and András Dér1

1 Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Institute of Biophysics

The outbreak of the global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has pulled several clinical aspects of the disease into attention. Besides its primary route of infection through the respiratory system, SARS-CoV-2 is known to have neuroinvasive capacity, causing multiple neurological symptoms with increased neuroinflammation and blood–brain barrier (BBB) damage. The viral spike protein disseminates via circulation during infection, and when reaching the brain could possibly cross the BBB, which was demonstrated in mice. Therefore, its medical relevance is of high importance. The aim of our study was to evaluate the barrier penetration of the S1 subunit of spike protein in model systems of human organs highly exposed to the infection. For this purpose, in vitro human BBB and intestinal barrier cell-culture model systems were applied, in combination with an optical biosensing method.

We found that spike protein crossed the human brain endothelial cell barrier effectively. Additionally, spike protein passage was found in a lower amount through the intestinal barrier cell layer too. These observations were corroborated with parallel specific ELISA tests.

The findings on the BBB model could provide a further basis for studies focusing on the mechanism and consequences of spike protein penetration across the BBB to the brain. [1]

Keywords:

biosensor; coronavirus spike-protein permeability; tissue barriers; human brain endothelial cells; Caco-2 cells; integrated optics; Mach–Zehnder interferometer

Reference

[1] Dániel Petrovszki, Fruzsina R. Walter, Judit P. Vigh, Anna Kocsis, Sándor Valkai, Mária A. Deli and András Dér (2022) MDPI Biomedicines 10(1), 188 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010188