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Nagy Krisztina

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Nagy Krisztina
Emergence of bacterial phage resistance in complex stress landscapes

Aug 29 - kedd

11:15 – 11:30

Modern biofizikai módszerek

E09

Emergence of bacterial phage resistance in complex stress landscapes

Krisztina Nagy¹, Sarshad Koderi Valappil², Trung Phan³, László Dér¹, Julia Bos⁴, Sophia Winslow⁵, Gábpr Rákhely², Péter Galajda¹ and Robert H. Austin³

¹ Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary

² Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Hungary

³ Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA

⁴ Pasteur Institute, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Paris, France

⁵ University of Northwestern St. Paul, Roseville, MN, USA

Bacteriophages are the most abundant organisms on Earth in terms of particle numbers. As viruses, they coexist with microbes, playing a fundamental role in microbial diversity, population dynamics, and evolution. Understanding the interaction between phages and bacteria gives us essential information on ecological and evolutionary processes.

Here we used a microfabricated environment to reveal the importance of spatial structure and bacterial clustering in the evolution of resistance in E. coli against bacteriophage T4r. We created a stress landscape where phage titers are distributed across an array of localized metapopulations. Motile bacteria were able to move around and explore the precisely controlled landscape. The growth and distribution of a population were monitored by fluorescence time-lapse microscopy.

In this structured environment, resistant subpopulations emerged and spread from biofilm-like pockets within 1-2 days. After the experiments resistant bacteria were collected and selected by the replica plating method. Whole genome sequencing of insensitive bacterial clones was performed, and characteristic mutations were identified. Changes in the bacteriophage receptor ompC and several biofilm-related genes were found.